Old Town State Historic Park in San Diego

Old Town State Historic Park is often referred to as the birthplace of California, as it was the site of the state’s first settlement. Here, you can immerse yourself in the lives of early settlers, stroll through lush gardens, and browse unique specialty shops. Treat yourself to authentic Mexican cuisine or dance to the lively tunes of street musicians in this charming locale.

In addition to its rich history, the park offers a variety of shops and restaurants where you can enjoy traditional crafts and local dishes. Live performances by street artists and cultural festivals, such as Cinco de Mayo, Día de los Muertos, and Fiesta Navidad, add to the vibrant atmosphere.

The History of Old Town

In 1821, after Mexico gained independence from Spain, a small group of Mexican settlers began building homes at the base of the hill where Old Town now stands. Due to a scarcity of wood, sun-dried bricks were used, giving the buildings their characteristic reddish-brown hue.

During this time, Old Town became a bustling trade hub and earned the title "pueblo," or chartered town. Richard Henry Dana Jr. famously described it in his classic memoir, Two Years Before the Mast (1834).

However, fires, droughts, earthquakes, and disease led to a decline in Old Town's population during the latter half of the 19th century. Eventually, governmental institutions moved to New Town, established by San Francisco entrepreneur Alonzo Horton.

Restoration efforts for Old Town began in 1907. Over the decades, new buildings were constructed, and historic ones were restored. In 1968, Old Town was designated a state historic park, drawing millions of visitors eager to learn about the daily lives of early Mexican and American settlers.

What to Do in Old Town

Admission to the park and its museums is free, but guided tours are available for an additional fee. From October to April, museums are open Monday through Friday, 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM. From May to September, they are open daily from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

• Explore Restored and Reconstructed Buildings:
  The park features original structures and accurate reconstructions that capture the essence of the 19th century.
• Visit the Robinson Rose House Visitor Center:
  Built in 1853, this two-story building once served as an office for the railroad and was later used as a school, county clerk's office, and even a jail. Inside, you'll find a diorama of Old Town as it appeared in 1892.
• Experience Living History:
  Watch blacksmith demonstrations in a forge dating back to 1860 or explore reconstructed stables and homes to see how mid-19th-century farmers lived.
• Casa de Estudillo:
  This mansion, one of the oldest surviving homes in California, is celebrated as one of the finest residences of its time and inspired Helen Hunt Jackson’s novel Ramona.
• Casa de Machado:
  Once a soldier’s home, this building later served as a boarding house and restaurant. Its lime-coated walls, barrel-tile roof, and beautiful gardens reflect the period's charm.
• Mormon Battalion Historic Site:
  The Mormon Battalion helped construct Old Town’s first brick courthouse, which doubled as a city hall, school, and jail.

Tips for Visitors

• Visit in the Morning:
  Enjoy fewer crowds and more comfortable weather for walking.
• Book Tours in Advance:
  Guided tours offer deeper insights into the park’s history.
• Wear Comfortable Shoes:
  Expect plenty of walking, so choose footwear accordingly.
• Bring a Camera:
  The park offers countless photogenic spots you’ll want to capture.
• Stop by the Tourist Center:
  Pick up a map and learn about current events and activities.

Interesting Facts About the Park

1. 01.San Diego’s Oldest Schoolhouse:
   Built in 1865, this historic school still welcomes visitors.
2. 02.Faithful Reconstructions:
   Many of the park’s buildings were reconstructed using original blueprints.
3. 03.Hollywood Favorite:
   Thanks to its authentic atmosphere, the park is a popular filming location for movies and TV shows.
4. 04.Free Admission:
   Despite its rich programming, entry to the park and museums is completely free.